美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

Chapter 12

GLOBAL EMPLOYEE BENEFITS AT A GLANCEMcGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Differences between benefits in the US and around the world Paid time-off benefits in various continents and countries Protection benefits such as retirement, health care, and social security in various continents and countries Legal and regulatory influences on employee benefits practices Other practices that distinguish countries benefits programsNoelle Baker, Contributing Editor1-2

美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

The World Is Flat?According to Thomas Friedman in his best seller, TheWorld Is Flat, recent technological globalization has increased the “interconnectedness” between economies in various parts of the world. This means that that U.S. economy must become more globally-agile and with it U.S. companies must employ H.R. professional who can navigate and understand legal and compliance issues within the global context and specifically, within the countries where their company has established a economic presence.

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美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

NORTH AMERICA NAFTA

NAFTA (North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement) allowed trade and investment flows to sky rocket in North America, with International Monetary fund estimating that trade tripled between Mexico, Canada, and the US between 1993 and 2002.

The labor side of NAFTA is the North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation (NAALC) and was created in order to promote cooperation between trade unions and social organizations in order to champion improved labor conditionsNoelle Baker, Contributing Editor1-4

美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

The basic rule of Canadian law holds that

CANADA

labor and employment law fall within the exclusive jurisdiction of the provinces 8 and 9 annual paid holidays; 2 weeks paid vacation 2 state pension plans, one for Quebec residents only and one for the rest of Canada Medical and basic hospital care paid for by provincial medical insurance plans with compulsory coverage for all residents Per capita expenditure for health in 2006 was $3,672.

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美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

MEXICO Paid time-off during public holidays or double time pay 6 weeks’ leave prior to giving birth and 6 weeks’ leave

after birth on full salary Social security programs in Mexico are administered by the Mexican Social Security Institute Medical services provided directly to patients through the health facilities of the Mexican Social Security InstituteMexico is a federal republic and Mexican labor law is based on the Mexican Federal Labor Law.Noelle Baker, Contributing Editor1-6

美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

SOUTH AMERICAAccording to the International Monetary Fund, Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, and Chile are the largest economies in South America. Other countries are experiencing economic development as well. The two largest trade blocks merged in 2004 into The South American Community of Nations which plans to model

itself after the European Union.

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美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

Brazil is a federal republic with a 100.9 million-strong workforce and a per capitaGDP of $10,100. It is the strongest economy in South America.

Consolidation of Labor Laws

highly regulates employment practices Although theoretically employees are protected by principal of continuity, employers discharge employees arbitrarily because of the substantial supply of ready workers willing to accept lower pay Brazilian labor law stipulates a 30 day paid annual vacation with a 1/3 month bonus as well as a paid 120 day maternity leave.

Comprehensive social security

benefits for all workers Pensions are provided for industry, government, and the self-employed. Voluntary coverage is offered for students, housewives, and the unemployed. Employers are required to contribute 20% of their payroll with no maximum monthly earnings. Medical services are provided directly to patients in rural and urban areas through the Unified Health System

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美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

ARGENTINA 14 days of paid annual vacation ; more with over 5

years of seniority Also entitled to 3- 6 months of sick leave based on seniority Maternity leave for 45 days before birth and 45 days after birth There is a mandatory retirement and pension system (both employer and employee pay 11% covered earnings) Employee health insurance mandated by statuteThe CIA Factbook reports that Argentina, a democratic republic, enjoys a high education level and rich natural resources. With a current GDP of $14,500 and a labor force of 16.27 million, Argentina has experienced a rebound in economic growth since a downturn in the 1990’s. Recently, the government nationalized private pension funds.

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美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

European Union Unique international organization hoping to elevate

participating European countries to become an economic powerhouse Limited authority in employment matters; member states must give employees a written employment document Labor law was designed with the aim of ensuring that the creation of the Single Market did not result in a lowering of labor standards or distortions in competition The concept of “employment at will” does not exist in the EU as in the United StatesNoelle Baker, Contributing Editor1-10

美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

FRANCE 5 weeks paid leave after one year of employment Social security benefits granted to employees contain three

components: health insurance, unemployment insurance, and retirement insurance Organization of medical services for employees is the responsibility of the employer Employees must be informed in writing regarding the terms and conditions of their employment (or changes regarding the same)As a democratic republic, France’s GDP is $32,700 and its labor force is 28.5 million strong. France is moving to an economic model with less government control and intervention in lar

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美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

GERMANY 4 weeks paid vacation; cannot be

required to work on holidays Statutory pension system analogous to the Social Security system in the United States German laws stipulate guidelines for minimal health welfare of workers

Germany is a federal republic with the 5th largest economy in the world (GDP is $44,800) per CIA Factbook with a workforce of 43.2 million workers. Germany has suffered high unemployment rates and has recently been pushing for labor reform regarding women and the older worker. The German Civil Code provides numerous statutes which deal with individual employment as well as collective bargaining agreements.

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美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

SPAIN Statute of Workers defines the employer/employee

relationship Guaranteed 30 days of paid time off each year Leave of absence for up to 3 years from birth Worker’s comp is covered under the pension system. Pension funds are regulated under the Social Security system Medical services provided to patients directly through the National Health Management InstituteAccording to the CIA Factbook, Spain has a parliamentary monarchy and a mixed capitalistic system. The current GDP is $34,600 and the workforce size is 2.1 million.Noelle Baker, Contributing Editor1-13

美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

United Kingdom 4 weeks paid annual leave including

holidays Employers can recover specific employee sick leave costs when conditions of the National Insurance Contributions Act are met 26 weeks maternity, which may not begin prior to 11 weeks before birth All employees with the requisite National Insurance Contributions are entitled to basic state pension Workers’ Comp is also required Medical services are provided by the National Health Service

The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with a labor force of 31.2 million and a per capita GDP of $46,600. Most recently, the Labor government instituted the Employment Relations Act of 1999. Generally the employer/employee relationship has few governmental restrictions.

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美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

THE NETHERLANDS The Employment Agreement Act provides specific rules for the

employment relationship. Paid leave for works council duties Pregnancy and childbirth leave of 16 weeks with full pay Social security system – employee and national insurance and social assistance schemes Health benefits are provided between the insurer and the insured. State Old Age Pensions Act provides old age benefits

The Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy with Per capital GDP of $41,300 and 7.5 million workers.

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美国人力资源管理—福利管理 教学课件12

ITALY The Civil Code enacted in 1942 and

a legislatively implemented EU Directive covers employment Employees entitled to 3 to 5 weeks of paid vacation For Illness or accidents employees receive full pay for 1 month and ½ pay for the following 2

months Paid maternity leave - mandatory 2 months before birth and 3 months after birth Two types of pension plans: compulsory and complementary

The republic of Italy has a diversified industrial and agricultural economy. The GDP per capita is $31,000 and the labor force is 25.09 million strong.Noelle Baker, Contributing Editor1-16