美国内战,大致介绍,英文

American Civil War

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

Causes Of The American Civil WarThe South, which was known as the Confederate States of America, seceded from the North, which was also known as the Union, for many different reasons. The reason they wanted to succeed was because there was four decades of great sectional conflict between the two. Between the North and South there were deep economic, social, and political differences. The South wanted to become an independent nation. There were many reasons why the South wanted to succeed but the main reason had to do with the Norths view on slavery. All of this was basically a different interpretation of the United States Constitution on both sides. In the end all of these disagreements on both sides led to the Civil War, in which the North won.

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

Before the civil war, the United States is made of four areas: 1. Northeast (the New Zealand ) – the growth of industrial , commercial and population density; 2.Northwest (Midwest today) free farmers here developed quickly, Northwest Ordinance grant here has no slavery; 3. the Upper South - reclamation farm, but part of there economic declined; 4. Southwest - economic zone of cotton are quickly developed.

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

在内战前夕，美国是由四个截然不同的区域组 成的国家： 东北部(即今新英格兰)—成长中的工业与 商业及相应之人口密度增长； 西北部(即今中西部Midwest)—自由农民 于此迅速发展，拜西北条例(Northwest Ordinance)之赐此处永无奴隶制度； 上南方(the Upper South)-垦殖农场，但部 份区域经济衰退； 西南方-雨后春笋般蓬勃发展的棉花经济区。

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

The conflict between north and south Although Lincoln,whom from the northern republicans, was not the advocate of liberating the slaves, he thought slavery was inhumanity, and he opposed expanding slavery. But the South,which always with slaves to develop its industry ,felt strongly opposed. In 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected President, and he mentioned in the platform which is protecting tariff and The Homestead Act greatly harmed the interests of southern slave owner. Two months later, the southern government started to rebel, the northern government had to accept the battle , the civil war began to erupted.

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

南北对立与冲突 来自美国北方的共和党人林肯虽然不 是解放黑奴的倡言者，但他认为蓄奴不人 道，反对扩大蓄奴，而一向以奴隶来发展 产业的南方对此感到强烈反对。1860年， 林肯当选总统，而林肯在政纲中提及的保 护关税及《宅地法》大大削弱了南方奴隶 主的利益。两个月后，南方政府开始发动 武装起事，北方政府被逼应战，南北战争 开始爆发。

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

Eastern battlefield 1861-1863 Western battlefield 1861-1864 Mississippi battlefield 1861-1865

东部战场 1861–1863 西线战场1861–1864 泛密西西比战场 1861–1865

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

The best evidence of the changes that had o

ccurred in warfare from Jomini to Clausewitz can be found in the campaigns of Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant. The latter was born Hiram Ulysses Grant in Ohio but through confusion at West Point he became Ulysses Simpson Grant. Appointed to the military academy, he found it distasteful and hoped that Congress would abolish the institution, freeing him. He excelled only in horsemanship for that he had displayed a capability early in life and graduated in 1843, 2lst out of 39 graduates. Posted to the 4th Infantry, since there were no vacancies in the dragoons, he served as regimental quartermaster during most of the Mexican War. Nonetheless he frequently led a company in combat under Zachary Taylor in northern Mexico。

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

When the civil war broken out, grant joined the army as reserve duty and then,he was awarded the captain rank. In September 1861,grant was quickly promoted for brigadier general. His first important battle was the strike to bell MengNa army which was in Missouri. Grant's first great victory came from his besiege to Fort Henry and Fort Donelson. On Februry 1862, he ueberrollened these important foothold in Mississippi River. During the siege, follow the practice of war,the South Army was put forward a proposal that whether they could have a short truce, but grant has answered: “No terms except an unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted. ” Thus, Grant first proposed the "unconditional surrender" and this words began to penetrate all his behavior in the war.

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

当内战爆发后，格兰特被作为预备役征兆入伍并被 授予了上校军衔.到了1861年9月，格兰特被迅速提 拔为准将。他的首次重要战斗是对密苏里州贝尔蒙 南军的突袭。格兰特第一个大的胜利，来自他对亨 利要塞(Fort Henry)和道格拉斯要塞(Fort Donelson)围攻的成功，在1862年2月他先后攻下 了这两个在密西西比流域的重要据点。在围攻期间， 南军曾按当时战争惯例提出过短时间休战的要求， 而格兰特却回答道： “No terms except an unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted. ” 格兰特就此第一次在内战中提出了“无条件投降” 的说法，这个名词开始贯穿他之后的战争中的所有 行为。

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

Robert e. lee

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

Lee's family is the most long and glorious family in the history of America. The member who was the first setting foot on the land of America is Thomas Lee ,which is the founder of Ohio Company, as The traditional British aristocracy ,he was the member of The governing Council of the Colony and the governor of Virginia.李的家族是美国历史上最为悠久和显赫的 家族之一。最早踏上美洲土地的李氏家族 的成员是托马斯-李(Thomas Lee),其为 的成员是托马斯-李(Thomas Lee),其为 俄亥俄公司的创始人，作为传统的英国贵 族曾是殖民地最高会议(The 族曾是殖民地最高会议(The governing Council of the colony

)的成员和弗杰尼亚 colony)的成员和弗杰尼亚 州的州长。

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

Personally, Lee is a complete humanitarian.Though he is a soldier whose career is killing people, Lee felt guilty for himself as a soldier. To the slavery , he had the same opinion. Based on his moral concepts,he combated slavery. According to the words said by himself, slavery is “A moral and political evil” and “A greater evil to the white”. Lee had a unique perspective to the relationship between the central government and local issues. He wrote in his diary that,"America should be a unity, there is no so-called north, south, east or west."就李个人而言，他是个彻底的人道主义者，虽然他是个以杀戮为职业的 军人，李终其一生都很为自己作为军人而觉得内疚。对于奴隶制度，他的看 法同样如此，基于自己的道德理念，历来反对蓄奴。按李自己的话来说蓄奴 制度是一种“道德和政治上罪恶”(A moral and political evil),“白人的一 项巨大罪恶”(A greater evil to the white)。李对于中央政府和地方的关系 上的问题，他同样是有着很独特的看法。他曾在自己的日记中写到“美国应 该是一个团结的整体，没有什么所谓的北方，南方，西部又或是东部。”

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

Relative to Lee’s command capability , maybe his noble character makes people miss him more. Today, he is still the most admired soldier throughout the United States. Every year his birthday was defined as the legal anniversary in every southern states. The primary schools, secondary schools and universities he named are around the world. Every year on his dying day there will have thousands of flowers on his grave .

相对于李的指挥才能，也许他的高尚的 品格才更让人们怀念他。时至今日，他 仍是南方乃至全美国最受崇敬的军人。 每年他的生日都被定为南方各州的法定 纪念日。以他命名的小学，中学乃至大 学遍布各地。每年他的忌日在他墓前都 会堆满数以千计的鲜花。

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

After the civil war, Lee made the choice of being the President of Washington university in Virginia. He said: “Becouse of the ignorance and misunderstandings, we carnaged each other , and I am use to one of the decapitator . Now, only the education can give me a chance to redemption ."内战后，李选择担任了弗杰尼亚华盛顿大学的校长。 他曾说：“我们就是曾经由于无知和误解，血腥地 互相仇杀，而我也是其中的刽子手之一。如今，也 唯有教育能给我一个赎罪的机会。”

美国内战,大致介绍,英文

菲利普-亨利-谢里丹(PHILIP HENRY SHERIDAN)