外研版必修四 Module 5

外研版必修四 Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges New words

1.at the edge of 在…的边缘 on the edge of 在…的边缘上

The trees are at the edge of the sea. Don’t stand on the edge of the plateform when a train is coming.

2.surround vt.围绕，环绕 be surrounded by/with 被….所包围

The wounded person was surrounded by many people.

surrounding adj.周围的 sourroundings n.环境

3.trade vi.做生意 vt.交易，交换 n.(U) 贸易

Trade sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物 trade for sth. 以…交换

4.go through 穿越，经历，仔细检查

The teacher is going through the students’ homework.

My grandma went through a lot in her life.

5.forbid vt.禁止

Forbid doing sth.禁止做某事 forbid sb. to do sth.=forbid sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 The manger forbids smoking in the office. My parents forbid me to drink wine.

相同用法的词：allow permit

6.spot n.地点，场所，斑点，污点 v.认出，发现，点缀

On the spot 当场，现场 be spotted with满是… 斑点

He saw the car accident on the spot.

7.view n.景色，风景，观点，看法，见解，视野 v.看待，考虑，将…看成

In my view在我看来，我认为 in view of 鉴于，考虑到

In view of his condition , I don’t think that he should go.

Sentences

1. I’m allowed to stick one in only if 引导条件状语从句,表真实。“只要，只有”。

if only 引导条件状语从句，表虚拟。“但愿，要是….就好了”

Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school.

If only I were a superman, I would fly to the sky.

Grammar

情态动词用法

A: can / could = be able to

1 表示能力两种时态can (could)，其他时态要用be able to的形式

2 表示请求或许可 Could 比 Can 更加客气* may

3 表示推测或可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句

Today is Sunday. He can't be at school.

4 can 表示客观上的可能性*

Anybody can make mistakes.

B: may and might

1 表示请求和允许 类似用法can could(更加口语化)

May I watch TV now? Yes, you may.

2 表示可能性; 猜测might比may更加不确定may/might have done 对过去的揣测*

3 表示祝愿 Wish you success! May you succeed!*

C: must and have to

1 表示必须；一定要 可以用 have to 代替

must 现在；将来的必须 而且是主观看法*

have to 有多种时态 而且强调客观情况

2 must 表示推测 意思非常肯定 “一定是”“一定会”

It must be raining outside.

Must have done 对过去/完成的推测* must have done, didn’t / hasn’t

Must be doing 推测现在正在进行

He must have gone over the article, hasn’t he?

It must have rained last night, didn’t it?

D: need and dare 过去时 dared

情态动词和实意动词的区别

A 人称变化 B do / to do C 直接否定 / 间接否定 can work

Need /dare 肯定句中，实义动词

She needs to do it. I dare to do it.

使用在否定句,疑问句中，情态动词，实义动词。

I dare not do it. I don’t dare (to) do it.

I need not do it. I don’t need to do it.

1 need 情态动词 无时态；人称的变化 多用于疑问句和否定句

You needn’t try to explain.

Needn’t = don’t have to

Needn’t have done sth 过去本不必做某事* 虚拟语气

2 need 实义动词 有时态；人称的变化 后接to do You need to tell us the truth.

The car needs repairing. The car needs to be repaired.

3 dare 情态动词 过去时 dared 无人称的变化 多用在疑问句和否定句

Dare he tell them what he knows?

4 dare 实义动词 有时态；人称的变化后接to do

用于疑问句和否定句时 其后的to 有时可省略

Do you dare (to) jump off the high wall?

E: will and would

1 表示征求对方(第二人称)意见或询问对方意愿 would 比will 更客气委婉

Will you have some more wine?

Would you mind my smoking here?

2 will 表示习惯性动作或某种倾向 would 表示过去习惯性动作或某种倾向

Fish will die out of water.

When I was young, I would play badminton on Sundays.

Would 与 used to 的区别*

Would 只能用来表示重复的动作而不能表示状态

Used to 既可表示动作也可表示状态, 强调现在不如此

He used to be a university student.

3 will 表示意愿 决心

I will never do that again.

F: shall, should and ought to

1 shall 在问句中表示征求对方意见或请求 用于第一，三人称

What shall we do now?

2 shall 肯定句中 表示说话人强烈的感情 允许，命令，禁止和威胁 *

或表示按规定，规章和义务等用于第二，三人称

If you dare to do that, you shall be punished.

These rules shall be obeyed.

Shall not 禁止，不许

3 shall 决心，意愿 = will

I shall come if I want to.

4 should 表示劝告，建议 = ought to 应该

You should wash your hands first.

Should 主要表示主观看法*

Ought to 客观情况 法律、规定、义务的使用

Should have done / ought to have done sth 虚拟语气*

Shouldn’t have done / ought not to have done sth

You should have done it today.

5 should 推测 推论 可能性 = ought to *估计

They should/ ought to be there by now.

6 should说话人的感情。如惊奇、愤怒、失望等、“竟然” 否定句疑问句

You can’t imagine that well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady Why should he do such a thi …… 此处隐藏：9792字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……