2017_2018

余幼时即嗜学。家贫，无从致

书以观，每假借于藏书之家，手自笔录，计日以还。天大寒，砚冰坚，手指不可屈伸，弗之怠。录毕，走送之，不敢稍逾约。以是人多以书假余，余因得遍观群书。既加冠，益慕圣贤之道。又患无硕师名人与游，尝趋百里外，从乡之先达执经叩问。先达德隆望尊，门人弟子填其室，未尝稍降辞色。

Module 4 Music Section Ⅲ Grammar-现在完成进行时

语法图解

探究发现

①In 1996, I moved to Canada with my husband and I have been living there since then.

②Liu Fang has been playing the pipa for the last three hours.

③She hasbeen performing concerts every day since last month.

④You have been saying this for five years.

⑤I have seen the film.

⑥I have been reading the book.

⑦They have known each other since childhood.

[我的发现]

(1)①②③④⑥句用了现在完成进行时；⑤⑦句用了现在完成时。

(2)由以上各句可知，现在完成进行时的构成为：have/has＋been＋动词的现在分词。现在完成时的构成为：have/has＋动词的过去分词。

一、现在完成进行时

1．构成

have/has＋been＋动词­ing形式。

2．用法

(1)表示过去某一时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并有可能继续持续下去。

He has been playing computer games all day.

他一天都在玩电脑游戏。

2017_2018

余幼时即嗜学。家贫，无从致书以观，每假借于藏书之家，手自笔录，计日以还。天大寒，砚冰坚，手指不可屈伸，弗之怠。录毕，走送之，不敢稍逾约。以是人多以书假余，余因得遍观群书。既加冠，益慕圣贤之道。又患无硕师名人与游，尝趋百里外，从乡之先达执经叩问。先达德隆望尊，门人弟子填其室，未尝稍降辞色。

I have been working for this company for three years.

我在这个公司已工作三年了。

(2)表示某一动作从过去开始，一直持续到说话时刚刚结束。

Sorry! I'm late. How long have you been waiting for me?

对不起！我来迟了。你等了我多长时间？

(3)表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复发生的动作。

They have been discussing the matter several times this year.

他们今年已经数次讨论那件事了。

(4)表达较重的感情色彩。

I have been wanting to see you for a long time.

我想要见你已好久了。

3．时间标志

现在完成进行时常与all the time, all the morning, these few days, all night 等表示一段时间的状语连用。另外，如果表示某一动作的起点，可用since引导的短语或从句，如果表示某一动作的全部时间，可用for引导的短语。

They have been quarreling since two days ago.

自从两天前以来他们一直在吵架。

He has been hoping for a raise in salary all the time.

他一直盼着加薪。

[即时演练1]

(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

①I have_been_reading (read) Hemingway's FarewelltoArms recently.

②I have_been_meeting (meet) her at the library.I believe that I will meet her again today.

(2)完成句子

①I have_been_learning English since three years ago.

自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。

②The Chinese have_been_making paper for two thousand years.

中国已有2 000年的造纸历史。

③Too much has_been_happening today.

今天真是个多事的日子。

二、现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别

2017_2018

余幼时即嗜学。家贫，无从致书以观，每假借于藏书之家，手自笔录，计日以还。天大寒，砚冰坚，手指不可屈伸，弗之怠。录毕，走送之，不敢稍逾约。以是人多以书假余，余因得遍观群书。既加冠，益慕

圣贤之道。又患无硕师名人与游，尝趋百里外，从乡之先达执经叩问。先达德隆望尊，门人弟子填其室，未尝稍降辞色。 时态

基本语法功能 动作的反复 感情色彩 现在完成

进行时

强调动作的持续性 可表示动作的反复 可表示强烈的感情色彩 现在完成

时 强调动作对现在的影响或产生的结果 不表示动作的反复

一般平铺直叙，不含有感情色彩 ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ They have been widening the road.

他们在加宽马路。尚未完工They have widened the road.他们加宽了马路。已完工 ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ Have you been meeting him recently ？你最近一直见他吗？强调动作重复Have you met him recently ？你最近见到过他吗？表示结果

⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ Where have you been ？We have been looking for you everywhere.

你到哪里去了？我们到处在找你。表示不满We have looked for him ， but haven't found him.我们找过他，但没有找到他。无感情色彩

[即时演练2] 翻译句子

①他一直在写信。

He_has_been_writing_a_letter.

②他写了一封信。

He_has_written_a_letter.

③我一直等了你两个小时。

I_have_been_waiting_for_you_for_two_hours.

④我等你两个小时了。

I_have_waited_for_you_for_two_hours.

Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Tom has_been_working (work) hard since the new term began.

2．She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she has_been_reading (read)

all day long.

3．Since I won the prize, my phone has never stopped ringing. People