Automobiles - Vehicle_Dynamics(19)
时间：2025-07-08
VehicleDynamicsFHRegensburg,UniversityofAppliedSciences
Reinforcements:steel,rayon,nylonRubber:natural/synthetic
Compounds:carbon,silica,chalk,...Softener:oil,resin
Vulcanization:sulfur,zincoxide,...MiscellaneousTireMass
16%38%30%10%4%2%8.5kg
Table2.2:TireComposites:195/65R15ContiEcoContact,Datafromwww.felge.de
2.1.3ForcesandTorquesintheTireContactArea
Inanypointofcontactbetweentireandtracknormalandfrictionforcesaredelivered.Accord-ingtothetire’spro ledesignthecontactareaformsanotnecessarilycoherentarea.Theeffectofthecontactforcescanbefullydescribedbyavectorofforceandatorqueinreferencetoapointinthecontactpatch.Thevectorsaredescribedinatrack- xedcoordinatesystem.Thez-axisisnormaltothetrack,thex-axisisperpendiculartothez-axisandperpen-diculartothewheelrotationaxiseyR.Thedemandforaright-handedcoordinatesystemthenalso xesthey-axis.
FxFyFzMxMyMz
longitudinalorcircumferentialforcelateralforce
verticalforceorwheelloadtiltingtorque
rollingresistancetorque
selfaligningandbore
torque
Figure2.1:ContactForcesandTorques
Thecomponentsofthecontactforcearenamedaccordingtothedirectionoftheaxes,Fig.2.1.Nonsymmetricdistributionsofforceinthecontactpatchcausetorquesaroundthexandyaxes.ThetiltingtorqueMxoccurswhenthetireiscambered.Myalsocontainstherollingresistanceofthetire.Inparticularthetorquearoundthez-axisisrelevantinvehicledynamics.Itconsistsoftwoparts,
Mz=MB+MS.(2.1)Rotationofthetirearoundthez-axiscausestheboretorqueMB.TheselfaligningtorqueMS
respectsthefactthatingeneraltheresultinglateralforceisnotappliedinthecenterofthecontactpatch.
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