Unit 4

Grammar

The Attributive clause 1 定语从句

修饰, 限定

What are attributes(定语)?1.He is an honest boy.(形容词)2.The falling/fallen leaves are flying in the sky.(现在/过去分词)

3. What’s your telephone number?(名词)4.Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. (介词短语) 5.The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.(从句)

The positions of the attribute:(定语的位置) 1. This is a flower basket.2. This is a basket full of flowers. 3. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.(单个的词作定语时要放于被 修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要 放于被修饰词的后面。)

定语从句的定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语 从句相当形容词的作用在句中作定语。被修饰的词叫做 先行词，连接先行词和从句的叫关系词. e.g.The girl is Mary. Mary is brave and

clever. 先行词

关系词

The girl who is brave and clever is Mary.定语从句 主句

He is an English teacher who likes singing songs. 先行词 定语从句

引导词I will never forget the days when we spent together.

先行词

引导词

关系代词: who, whom, that, which, whose

where﹑when﹑why 关系副词：

Join the two sentences, using the attributive clause.Example:

1. a)The woman is a teacher.b)The woman lives next door. who/that lives next door is The woman _____________________ a teacher. The woman __________________ who/that is a teacher lives next door.

2.a)The nurse is kind. b)The nurse looks after my sister.The nurse who/that looks after my sister is kind.

3.a)We watched the play “ Teahouse”. b)The play was written by Lao She. We watched the play “ Teahouse” which/taht was written by Lao She.

4.a)The young man is a famous writer. b)You saw the young man yesterday The young man (who/whom/that) you saw yesterday is a famous writer. 5. a)This is the house. b)Lu Xun once lived in the house. This is the house which/that Lu Xun once lived in. 6. a)I know the doctor. b)His daughter studies abroad. I know the doctor whose daughter studies abroad.

一. 关系代词who( 主 ), whom( 宾 ), that( 主，宾 ), 1). person--whose(所属关系)

2.) things--which, that, whose(所属关系)

1,which 指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。

I showed him the letter. I received it this morning.I showed him the letter (which) I received this morning.

e.g.1

e.g.2. I’m not interested in the book which has just been published.

The apple is mine.

?

The appleThe apple

which is red which is red

is mine. is small.

which is green is yours. which is green is big.

The appleThe apple

2,that指人或物， 在从句中做主语或宾语, 作宾语时可以省略。

They’re talking about the film. I have seen the film. They’re talking about the film (that) I’ve seen.

3,whose 指人或物，表所属

关系，在从句中作定语。

The girl got first.Her father had given us a report.The girl whose father had given us a report got first.

That is the new machine.

The parts of it are too small to see.That’s the machine whose parts are too small to see.

whose 1. The student ______father works in the factory is sitting there. whose 2. I like the rooms ______windows face south. whose 3.This is the desk ______legs were broken.

4,Who指人，在从句中做主语或宾 语(口语),做宾语时可省略The man is a police man. He is shaking hands with my father.

The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.

the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty

boy

The boy is Tom. The boy who is handsome is Tom. The boy The boy The boy The boy Tom. who is tall who is strong who is clever who is naughty is Tom. is Tom is Tom is

5,Whom 指人，在句子中做宾语，不能做主 语，常可省略。 The

man (whom) you met just now is my father. The

woman (whom) she is talking with is my sister.

The use of the relative pronoun (关系代词)关系词 先行词所指 that 人/物 which 物 who 人 whom 人 whose 人 / 物 关系词在从句中作用 主语、宾语 主语、宾语 主语、宾语 主语、宾语 定语 (whose + n.)

关系 代词

指出关系代词(副词)在定语从句中的成份：

Have a try

1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. 主语 2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. 宾语 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. 定语 4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday.

宾语

5. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whose family was poor. 定语 6. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together.

宾语

把下列句子分成两层意思:

1,The one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night. 1 )The one million people of the city went to bed as usual that night.

2) The one million people of the city thought little of these events.